新疆管花肉苁蓉生物活性物质及产地差异分析
Bioactive components and origin difference analysis of Cistanche tubulosa (Schrenk) Wight from different origins in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
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摘要: 选取塔克拉玛干沙漠地区6个产地管花肉苁蓉为研究对象,对其不同部位(根部、中部、顶部)生物活性物质及抗氧化活性进行测定和多元统计分析。结果表明:产地差异对管花肉苁蓉生物活性物质(总多酚、总黄酮、总三萜、总多糖、总原花青素、松果菊苷和毛蕊花糖苷)含量及抗氧化活性均具有显著影响,不同部位的生物活性物质存在显著差异。不同产地管花肉苁蓉均具有较强的体外抗氧化活性,其DPPH自由基清除率的IC50(IC50 DPPH)均小于7 mg/mL,ABTS自由基清除率的IC50(IC50 ABTS)均小于3 mg/mL。相关性分析表明,管花肉苁蓉IC50 DPPH与总多酚、松果菊苷含量呈显著负相关;IC50 ABTS与总多酚、总多糖、松果菊苷及毛蕊花糖苷含量呈极显著负相关。主成分分析提取3个主成分,其方差累计贡献率为80.57%;聚类分析将样品分为3个类群。不同产地管花肉苁蓉综合评分顺序为喀什伽师县(0.445)、阿拉尔市(0.313)、和田墨玉县(0.051)、吐鲁番鄯善县(-0.057)、和田于田县(-0.071)、巴音郭楞且末县(-0.680)。Abstract: The bioactive components and antioxidant activities of different parts (root,middle and top) of Cistanche tubulosa (Schrenk) Wight (CT) in Taklimakan Desert were measured and analyzed by multivariate statistics. The results showed that the origin and parts had significant effects on the content and antioxidant activity of bioactive components (total polyphenols, flavonoids, triterpenes, polysaccharides, proanthocyanidins, echinoside, verbascoside contents) of CT. There were significant differences in active substances in different parts of CT. Samples from different origins have strong antioxidant activity in vitro. The IC50 of DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging rates were less than 7 mg/mL, and 3 mg/mL, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that IC50 DPPH was significantly negatively correlated with the contents of total polyphenols and echinoside. IC50 ABTS was negatively correlated with the contents of total polyphenols, total polysaccharides, echinoside, and verbascoside. Three principal components were extracted by principal component analysis, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 80.57%. The samples were divided into three groups by hierarchical cluster analysis. The comprehensive scoring order of samples from different origins was Kashgar Jiashi county (0.445), Alar city (0.313), Hotan Moyu county (0.051), Turpan Shanshan county (-0.057), Hotan Yutian County (-0.071), and Bayingolengqiemo county (-0.680).
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