5种中药粗多糖水凝胶的制备及其促伤口愈合能力研究
Preparation of crude polysaccharide hydrogels from five kinds of traditional Chinese medicines and their ability to promote wound healing
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摘要: 以黄药子、红景天、鸡血藤、鱼腥草、一支箭5种中药为原料,采用水提醇沉法提取其中的粗多糖,测定其总多糖含量及体外抗氧化活性;将中药粗多糖载入壳聚糖中制备中药粗多糖水凝胶,并对所得水凝胶的微观结构、溶胀性能、保水性能、抗氧化活性、血液相容性及其促进伤口愈合能力等进行研究。结果表明:红景天粗多糖的总多糖含量最高,达到77.6 %;各粗多糖溶液均有一定的抗氧化能力,其中对ABTS+自由基、DPPH自由基、·OH自由基的清除能力及总还原力最强的粗多糖溶液分别为黄药子粗多糖溶液、黄药子粗多糖溶液、一支箭多糖溶液和红景天粗多糖溶液。随着中药粗多糖的载入,中药粗多糖水凝胶的孔径增大、溶胀性能增强,但保水率和抗氧化活性均有所降低;在2000 μg/mL质量浓度下,各粗多糖水凝胶均展现出良好的血液相容性;相较于空白组,黄药子粗多糖水凝胶组和鱼腥草粗多糖水凝胶组的小鼠伤口愈合更明显,结痂现象减少,且观察到毛囊、皮脂腺等皮肤附属器的形成,未见明显的炎性细胞浸润。因此,黄药子粗多糖水凝胶和鱼腥草粗多糖水凝胶在加速伤口恢复方面均效果明显,显示出其作为伤口敷料的巨大应用潜力。Abstract: Five kinds of traditional Chinese medicines, namely Rhizoma Dioscorea Bulbiferac, Rhodiola rosea L, Spatholobus suberectus Dunn, Houttuynia cordata Thunb, and Ophioglossum pedunculosum Desv, were used as raw materials to extract crude polysaccharides using water extraction and alcohol precipitation method. The total polysaccharide content and in vitro antioxidant activity were determined; Crude polysaccharides extracted from traditional Chinese medicines were loaded into chitosan to prepare hydrogel dressings. Subsequently, the microstructure, swelling capacity, water retention, antioxidant activity, blood compatibility, and wound healing promotion ability of the obtained hydrogels were investigated. Results showed that the total polysaccharide content of Rhodiola rosea L crude polysaccharide was the highest at 77.6 %. All groups of crude polysaccharide solutions exhibited certain antioxidant capacity. The crude polysaccharide solution derived from Rhizoma Dioscorea Bulbiferac demonstrated the most potent scavenging activity towards ABTS+ radicals, whereas the same solution emerged as the most effective in neutralizing DPPH radicals. Alternatively, the crude polysaccharide solution isolated from Ophioglossum pedunculosum Desv exhibited superior scavenging capability towards hydroxyl radicals. Lastly, the crude polysaccharide solution originating from Rhodiola rosea L was found to possess the highest overall reducing power. With the loading of traditional Chinese medicine crude polysaccharides, the pore size of the traditional Chinese medicine crude polysaccharide hydrogel increased, the swelling capacity enhanced, while water retention and antioxidant properties decreased to some extent. Compared to the control group, mice in the Rhizoma Dioscorea Bulbiferac crude polysaccharide hydrogel group and the Houttuynia cordata Thunb crude polysaccharide hydrogel group showed significant wound recovery, reduced scabbing, and the appearance of skin appendages such as hair follicles and sebaceous glands, with no infiltration of inflammatory cells. Additionally, at a concentration of 2000 μg/mL crude polysaccharides, all polysaccharide hydrogels demonstrated high hemocompatibility. The crude polysaccharide hydrogel loaded with Rhizoma Dioscorea Bulbiferac and Houttuynia cordata Thunb had an obvious effect on accelerating wound recovery, and are wound dressings with potential application.
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