野生与养殖许氏平鲉肌肉营养和风味对比分析
Comparative analysis of nutrition and flavor of muscle between wild and cultured Sebastes schlegeli
-
摘要: 以野生与养殖许氏平鲉为研究对象,对比分析其肌肉基本营养成分、氨基酸组成、脂肪酸组成和挥发性风味物质的差异。结果表明:野生与养殖许氏平鲉肌肉的基本营养成分存在明显差异,相较于养殖许氏平鲉肌肉,野生许氏平鲉肌肉的水分和灰分含量均显著较高(P<0.05),粗蛋白含量略高,而粗脂肪含量显著较低(P<0.05);在野生与养殖许氏平鲉肌肉中均检测到17种氨基酸,其中谷氨酸的含量最高,其次是天冬氨酸,组氨酸的含量最低,且野生许氏平鲉肌肉氨基酸总量(83.20 g/100 g)显著高于养殖许氏平鲉肌肉(77.30 g/100 g);野生与养殖许氏平鲉肌肉的ΣEAA/ΣAA和ΣEAA/ΣNEAA均符合FAO/WHO的优质蛋白标准,二者必需氨基酸指数分别为93.87和91.30,即野生许氏平鲉肌肉的蛋白营养价值高于养殖许氏平鲉肌肉;野生与养殖许氏平鲉肌肉均检测到15种脂肪酸,野生许氏平鲉肌肉中的EPA和DHA总含量显著高于养殖许氏平鲉肌肉(P<0.05),二者不饱和脂肪酸分别占总脂肪酸含量的69.81%和71.98%;许氏平鲉肌肉中共定性出20种挥发性风味物质,主要包括酮类、醛类、酯类、醇类及杂环化合物,养殖许氏平鲉肌肉中丁醛、丙醛和2-丁酮的相对含量明显高于野生许氏平鲉肌肉,二者呈现出不同的风味特征。Abstract: Wild and cultured Sebastes schlegeli were analyzed for differences in basic nutrient composition, amino acid composition, fatty acid composition, and volatile flavor substances. The results showed that there were significant differences in the basic nutritional composition between wild and cultured Sebastes schlegeli, with wild Sebastes schlegeli having significantly higher moisture and ash content (P<0.05), slightly higher crude protein content, and lower crude fat content (P<0.05) than cultured Sebastes schlegeli. There were 17 amino acids detected in both wild and cultured Sebastes schlegeli, of which glutamic acid, followed by aspartic acid, was in the highest content, and histidine was the lowest. The total amino acid content of wild Sebastes schlegeli (83.20 g/100 g) was significantly higher than that of cultured Sebastes schlegeli (77.30 g/100 g). The ∑EAA/∑AA and ∑EAA/∑NEAA of wild and cultured Sebastes schlegeli met the FAO/WHO quality protein standards, and the essential amino acid indices of both were 93.87 and 91.30 respectively, which means that the protein nutritional value of wild Sebastes schlegeli was higher than that of cultured Sebastes schlegeli. Among the 15 fatty acids detected in Sebastes schlegeli, the total content of EPA and DHA in wild Sebastes schlegeli was significantly higher than that in cultured Sebastes schlegeli (P<0.05), with unsaturated fatty acids in wild and cultured Sebastes schlegeli accounting for 69.81% and 71.98% of the total fatty acid content, respectively. A total of 20 volatile flavor substances were characterized in Sebastes schlegeli, mainly including ketones, aldehydes, esters, alcohols, and heterocyclic compounds, and the relative contents of butyraldehyde, propionaldehyde, and 2-butanone were significantly higher in cultured Sebastes schlegeli than in wild Sebastes schlegeli, and they showed different flavor characteristics.
-
Key words:
- wild Sebastes schlegeli /
- cultured Sebastes schlegeli /
- commercial fishes /
- nutrition /
- flavor substance
-
-
[1]
张莹,齐鑫,王孝杰,等.许氏平鲉精子超微结构及超低温冷冻对其形态的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2020,35(3):355-359.
-
[2]
成智丽,孙鹏飞,罗珺,等.盐度驯化下许氏平鲉血清生化指标及渗透压的变化[J].水产科学,2021,40(3):310-317.
-
[3]
沈钰博,王际英,李宝山,等.许氏平鲉幼鱼对饲料中精氨酸需求量的研究[J].渔业科学进展,2022(3):33-44.
-
[4]
罗芷晴,董建宇,张宗航,等.基于微卫星标记的许氏平鲉卵巢不同分区子代多重父权分析[J].中国水产科学,2021,28(4):391-402.
-
[5]
韩慧宗,王腾腾,张明亮,等.许氏平鲉发育早期的氨基酸与脂肪酸组成及变化[J].水生生物学报,2019,43(3):526-536.
-
[6]
KATYA K,LEE S,BHARADWAJ A S,et al.Effects of inorganic and chelated trace mineral (Cu,Zn,Mn and Fe) premixes in marine rockfish,Sebastes schlegeli(Hilgendorf),fed diets containing phytic acid[J].Aquaculture Research,2017,48(8):4165-4173.
-
[7]
周莹,王际英,李宝山,等.许氏平鲉幼鱼对饲料中维生素B6需求量的研究[J].渔业科学进展,2020,41(6):37-48.
-
[8]
李智慧,孙永,史建如,等.野生与养殖许氏平鲉品质的比较[J].食品工业科技,2017,38(8):87-91.
-
[9]
王婧文,王英俊,刘天红,等.6个不同群体许氏平鲉肌肉氨基酸分析及评价[J].中国渔业质量与标准,2020,10(2):65-72.
-
[10]
HU M Y,WANG S,LIU Q,et al.Flavor profile of dried shrimp at different processing stages[J].LWT-Food Science and Technology,2021,146:111403.
-
[11]
余远江,庞一扬,袁桃静,等.基于电子鼻、HS-GC-IMS和HS-SPME-GC-MS分析五种水产原料的风味特征[J].食品工业科技,2021,42(19):106-117.
-
[12]
中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.食品安全国家标准食品中水分的测定:GB 5009.3-2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
-
[13]
中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.食品安全国家标准食品中灰分的测定GB 5009.4-2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
-
[14]
中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.食品安全国家标准食品中蛋白质的测定:GB 5009.5-2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
-
[15]
中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.食品安全国家标准食品中脂肪的测定GB 5009.6-2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
-
[16]
曹荣,王善宇,赵玲,等.仿刺参雄、雌性腺营养组成分析与评价[J].中国渔业质量与标准,2020,10(2):23-30.
-
[17]
程小飞,宋锐,向劲,等.不同养殖模式和野生克氏原螯虾肌肉营养成分分析与评价[J].现代食品科技,2021,37(4):87-95.
-
[18]
刘胜男,王善宇,曹荣,等.不同规格玉筋鱼的营养分析与评价[J].渔业科学进展,2022,43(1):188-194.
-
[19]
赵玲,曹荣,刘淇,等.银鲑不同部位肌肉的营养评价与特征风味分析[J].核农学报,2022,36(2):384-391.
-
[20]
孙志鹏,曹顶臣,裴玥,等.野生和养殖梭鲈肌肉营养组成分析与评价[J].水产学杂志,2020,33(4):15-22.
-
[21]
朱成科,朱龙,黄辉,等.野生与养殖岩原鲤肌肉营养成分的比较分析[J].营养学报,2017,39(2):203-205.
-
[22]
曹静,张凤枰,宋军,等.养殖和野生长吻鮠肌肉营养成分比较分析[J].食品科学,2015(2):126-131.
-
[23]
高露姣,楼宝,毛国民,等.不同饵料饲养的褐牙鲆肌肉营养成分的比较[J].海洋渔业,2009,31(3):293-299.
-
[24]
许丹,朱剑,严忠雍,等.加工方式对金枪鱼鱼糜制品氨基酸组成和营养价值影响研究[J].中国调味品,2020,45(11):74-80.
-
[25]
刘芳芳,杨少玲,林婉玲,等.七种海水鱼背部肌肉营养成分及矿物元素分布与健康评价[J].水产学报,2019,43(11):2413-2423.
-
[26]
MOHANTY B,MAHANTY A,GANGULY S,et al.Amino acid compositions of 27 food fishes and their importance in clinical nutrition[J].Journal of Amino Acids,2014,2014:1-7.
-
[27]
雷乙,陈竟豪,涂金金,等.鱼肉加工过程特征气味物质变化研究进展[J].食品研究与开发,2020,41(15):201-210.
-
[28]
ZANG M W,WANG L,ZHANG Z Q,et al.Changes in flavour compound profiles of precooked pork after reheating (warmed-over flavour) using gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry with chromatographic feature extraction[J].International Journal of Food Science&Technology,2020,55(3):978-987.
-
[29]
MA N,CHYAU C,PAN B S.Fatty acid profile and aroma compounds of lipoxygenase-modified chicken oil[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society,2004,81(10):921-926.
-
[30]
张慧芳,李婷婷,晋高伟,等.HS-SPME-GC-MS技术对冷藏鲢鱼片挥发性成分变化的分析[J].食品科学,2014,35(24):130-135.
-
[31]
刘晓丽,解万翠,杨锡洪,等.SPME-GC-MS分析近江牡蛎酶解液挥发性风味成分[J].食品科学,2010,31(24):410-414.
-
[32]
张晶晶,王锡昌,施文正.白姑鱼和小黄鱼肉中挥发性风味物质的鉴定[J].食品科学,2019,40(14):206-213.
-
[33]
BAI J,BAKER S M,GOODRICH-SCHNEIDER R M,et al.Aroma profile characterization of mahi-mahi and tuna for determining spoilage using purge and trap gas chromatography-mass spectrometry[J].Journal of Food Science,2019,84(3):481-489.
-
[34]
De LIMA ALVES L,DONADEL J Z,ATHAYDE D R,et al.Effect of ultrasound on proteolysis and the formation of volatile compounds in dry fermented sausages[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2020,67:105161.
-
[35]
李金林,万亮,陈春艳,等.ω-3 LCPUFAs模拟热加工鱼肉脂肪氧化形成风味物质的研究[J].中国食品学报,2020,20(6):95-105.
-
[1]
计量
- PDF下载量: 19
- 文章访问数: 2666
- 引证文献数: 0