辊压法全烟梗再造烟叶的制备工艺优化及结构与性能分析
Optimization of preparation process and analysis of structure and performance of rolled reconstituted tobacco based on whole tobacco stem
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摘要: 使用烟梗粉末和烟叶粉末制备辊压法再造烟叶,通过正交试验确定全烟梗再造烟叶最适工艺参数,对比分析全烟叶和全烟梗再造烟叶的基本理化性质、形貌结构、甘油吸附性能、热失重行为及热释放香味物质差异。结果表明:综合考虑抗张强度和感官品质,以烟梗粉末质量为基准,水、木浆纤维、羧甲基纤维素钠最适添加量分别为75%、2.5%、5%,辊压厚度和烘烤温度则分别为0.25 mm和90 ℃;全烟梗再造烟叶的定量、抗张强度和松厚度分别为265.33 g/m2、0.43 kN/m和 0.83 cm3/g,均优于全烟叶再造烟叶,且表面均一度和烟梗色泽保留度较好,微观孔隙结构丰富,纤维排列相对疏松;全烟梗再造烟叶的甘油静态平衡吸附率为25%,高于全烟叶再造烟叶,吸附过程符合准一级动力学模型,且表现出较大的吸附速率常数;两种再造烟叶表现出相似的四阶段热解失重过程,但全烟梗再造烟叶的热失重阶段Ⅱ和Ⅲ的最大失重速率温度向中间温度集中,两阶段的最大失重速率和综合热解指数均大于全烟叶再造烟叶,综合热解性能更优;全烟梗再造烟叶在阶段Ⅲ释放的香味物质为41种,含量为3 410.49 μg/g,高于阶段Ⅱ的热释放香味物质种类和含量,其中烟碱、新植二烯、2,3-二氢-3,5-二羟基-6-甲基-4(H)-吡喃-4-酮、糠醇等香味物质均能够有效释放。以烟梗为原料制备的辊压法再造烟叶具有较好的抗张强度和松厚度,微观孔隙结构丰富,加热状态下能保证香味物质的有效释放,良好的料香负载能力和较低的原料成本显示了其在加热卷烟中较好的应用潜力。Abstract: Tobacco stem power and tobacco leave power were used to prepare rolled reconstituted tobacco, the suitable process parameters for reconstituted tobacco based on stem were determined through orthogonal experiments. The basic physicochemical properties, microstructure, glycerol adsorption performance, thermal weight loss characteristics and released aroma components under heating conditions were compared between the reconstituted tobacco prepared from whole tobacco leaves and stem. The results showed that the optimal addition amounts of water, wood pulp fiber, and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium were 75%, 2.5%, and 5% based on tobacco stem power, respectively, from the perspective of tensile strength and sensory quality. The rolled thickness and baking temperature were selected as 0.25 mm and 90 ℃, respectively. The quantitative, tensile strength, and bulk thickness of whole stem reconstituted tobacco leaves were 265.33 g/m2, 0.43 kN/m, and 0.83 cm3/g, respectively, which were superior to that of reconstituted tobacco based on whole leaves. The surface uniformity and color retention were good, the micro-pore structure was rich, and the fiber arrangement was relatively loose. The static equilibrium adsorption rate of glycerol in whole stem reconstituted tobacco was 25.0%, which was higher than that in whole leaves reconstituted tobacco. The adsorption process follows a quasi first order kinetic model and exhibited higher adsorption rate constant. Both types of whole leaves reconstituted tobacco exhibited similar four stage thermal decomposition weight loss processes. But the temperature for thermal weight loss stages Ⅱ and Ⅲ of whole stem reconstituted tobacco were more concentrated. The maximum weight loss rate and CPI of these two stages were higher than those of whole leaves reconstituted tobacco. The types and contents of aroma compounds released by whole stem reconstituted tobacco leaves in stage Ⅲ were 41, with a content of 3 410.49 μ g/g, all of which were higher than the types and contents of heat released aroma compounds in stage Ⅱ. Among them nicotine, neonicotinoid, DDMP, furfuryl alcohol and other aroma substances could be effectively released. The rolled reconstituted tobacco prepared by tobacco stem had good tensile strength and loose thickness, rich micro-pore structure, and effective release performance for aroma substances under heating conditions.The good fragrance loading capacity and low raw material cost demonstrated its potential for application in heated cigarettes.
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