不同马尾松松针提取液的成分分析与抗氧化活性研究
Analysis and antioxidant activity study of different extraction liquid from Pinus massoniana needles
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摘要: 为系统研究马尾松(Pinus massoniana)松针的化学成分及其抗氧化活性,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用法研究其挥发油、水提液和醇提液的主要成分,对活性成分进行网络药理学分析,并采用自由基清除实验评估其抗氧化活性。结果表明:挥发油中鉴定出60种化合物,占比达95.13%,主要为烯萜类化合物,水提液和醇提液分别含有10种和16种化合物,主要为酮类化合物。不同提取液的成分分布差异显著,变量权重值(Variable Importance for the Projection,VIP)分析确认蒎烯(VIP=1.31)、1-石竹烯(VIP=1.47)、L-β-蒎烯(VIP=1.80)、α-蒎烯(VIP=3.32)、3-硝基-1-苯基丙基-1-酮(VIP=7.86)、2-乙氧基异硫氰酸苯酯(VIP=1.13)这6种成分为候选差异化合物。差异化合物可能通过醛酮还原酶AR等影响氧化应激和自由基清除相关的生物通路发挥作用。在抗氧化活性评估中,当DPPH自由基清除率达到80%时,醇提液、水提液和挥发油的质量浓度分别为0.2 mg/mL、0.9 mg/mL和80 mg/mL;当ABTS+清除率达到80%时,三者的质量浓度分别为0.07 mg/mL、0.2 mg/mL和10.0 mg/mL;当·OH自由基清除率达到80%时,醇提液的质量浓度为3.5 mg/mL,而水提液和挥发油的清除能力较低且不稳定;当提取液质量浓度为1.00 mg/mL时,醇提液的总还原能力最强。因此,马尾松松针具有显著的抗氧化潜力,可以通过不同提取方式获得多种具有抗氧化活性的成分。
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关键词:
- 马尾松松针 /
- 提取方式 /
- 气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用法 /
- 网络药理学 /
- 抗氧化活性
Abstract: To analyze the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Pinus massoniana needles, the main components of essential oils, aqueous extracts, and alcoholic extracts were studied using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupling method. Additionally, network pharmacology was utilized to investigate the active components, and free radical scavenging experiments were conducted to evaluate their antioxidant activities. The results revealed that 60 compounds, accounting for 95.13% of the total, were identified in the essential oils, primarily consisting of terpenes. The aqueous and alcoholic extracts contained 10 and 16 compounds, respectively, mainly consisting of ketones. Significant differences were observed in the composition distribution among different extraction methods. VIP analysis identified six potential candidate differential compounds: pinene (VIP=1.31), 1-caryophyllene (VIP=1.47), L-β-pinene (VIP=1.80), α-pinene (VIP=3.32), 3-nitro-1-phenylpropyl-1-ketone (VIP=7.86), and 2-ethoxyphenyl isothiocyanate (VIP=1.13). These compounds may exert effects on oxidative stress and free radical scavenging pathways through interactions with proteins such as aldehyde reductase (AR). In the evaluation of antioxidant activity, when the DPPH scavenging rate reached 80%, the mass concentrations of alcoholic extract, aqueous extract, and essential oil were 0.2 mg/mL, 0.9 mg/mL, and 80 mg/mL, respectively. When the ABTS+ scavenging rate reached 80%, the concentrations of alcoholic extract, aqueous extract, and essential oil were 0.07 mg/mL, 0.2 mg/mL, and 10 mg/mL, respectively. When the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate reached 80%, the concentration of alcoholic extract was 3.5 mg/mL, while the scavenging abilities of aqueous extract and essential oil were relatively low and unstable. At the mass concentration of the extract liquid was 1.00 mg/mL, the alcoholic extract exhibited the strongest total reducing power.Therefore, Pinus massoniana needles possess significant antioxidant potential, with various components exhibiting antioxidant activities obtainable through different extraction methods. -
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