低共熔溶剂提取川明参多糖工艺优化与结构表征

李雅欣; 罗敏; 刘元福; 孙全娇; 黄俊铭; 文建霞; 杜文雅; 张良

doi:10.12187/2026.01.005

低共熔溶剂提取川明参多糖工艺优化与结构表征

李雅欣 ¹ ,
罗敏 ² ,
刘元福 ² ,
孙全娇 ¹ ,
黄俊铭 ¹ ,
文建霞 ¹ ,
杜文雅 ¹ ,
张良 ^{1

,

,}

1. 西华大学食品与生物工程学院, 四川成都 610039;
2. 四川友联味业食品有限公司, 四川成都 610039

作者简介: 李雅欣(2000—),女,四川省广元市人,西华大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为食品营养与安全。E-mail:915638998@qq.com;

通讯作者: 张良,zhang-liang@foxmail.com

基金项目: 成都市科技局项目(2025-YF05-00074-SN)
四川省科技厅科技项目(2024YFHZ0130,25NYTX0011,25ZXCY0012)
四川省经信厅2025年第三批揭榜挂帅项目
中图分类号: TS201.2

Process optimization and structural characterization of Chuanminshen violaceum polysaccharides extracted by deep eutectic solvents

1. School of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China;
2. Sichuan Union (You Lian) Food Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610039, China

Corresponding author: ZHANG Liang, zhang-liang@foxmail.com

Received Date: 2025-11-17
Accepted Date: 2025-06-20

CLC number: TS201.2

摘要: 【目的】探索优化川明参多糖(Chuanminshen violaceum Polysaccharide,CVP)绿色高效提取技术,并推动其在功能性食品领域的开发利用。【方法】通过单因素试验和响应面试验,建立并优化利用低共熔溶剂(Deep Eutectic Solvent,DES)提取CVP的方法,再分别采用离子交换柱与凝胶柱分离纯化CVP,并结合离子色谱、高效凝胶渗透色谱、红外光谱及扫描电子显微镜对CVP结构进行表征。【结果】最佳提取条件为氯化胆碱-柠檬酸的DES体系(二者物质的量比为1∶1,含水量30%)、液料比20∶1、提取温度70 ℃、提取时间120 min,在此条件下,CVP提取率为(44.17±0.19)%,较传统方法提升了26%以上;纯化后获得相对分子质量单一、结构均一的CVP组分CVP-1-1和CVP-2-1,其中CVP-1-1由葡萄糖和半乳糖组成,总糖含量为(94.87±0.80)%,相对分子质量为9471 Da,CVP-2-1由葡萄糖、半乳糖和鼠李糖组成,总糖含量为(92.01±1.77)%,相对分子质量为18 159 Da;上述5种多糖均为含α-糖苷键和β-糖苷键的吡喃环多糖,其微观形态与相对分子质量及纯化工艺相关,纯化后多糖表面更加多孔、疏松,碎片化程度更高,且相对分子质量及破碎、聚集程度不同。【结论】将DES应用于CVP提取,提取率较传统提取法显著提升,且所得CVP相对分子质量较低,可能具有较高的抗氧化活性,可为CVP功能性食品开发提供参考。
- 川明参多糖 /
- 低共熔溶剂 /
- 提取工艺 /
- 结构表征
Abstract: 【Objective】 This study aims to explore and optimize a green and efficient extraction technology for Chuanminshen violaceum polysaccharide (CVP) and promote its development and utilization in the field of functional foods. 【Methods】 A deep eutectic solvents(DES)-based extraction method for CVP was established and optimized via single-factor experiments and response surface methodology. Subsequently, the extracted CVP was purified by ion-exchange chromatography column and gel filtration chromatography column, respectively. The structure of CVP was characterized by combining ion chromatography, high-performance gel permeation chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. 【Results】 The optimal extraction conditions were determined as follows: choline chloride-citric acid DES system (with a molar ratio of 1∶1 and a water content of 30%), liquid-to-solid ratio of 20∶1, extraction temperature of 70 ℃, and extraction time of 120 min. Under these conditions, the extraction rate of CVP was (44.17 ± 0.19)%, an increase of more than 26% over the traditional extraction method; After purification, two CVP fractions (CVP-1-1 and CVP-2-1) with single relative molecular weight and homogeneous structure were obtained. Among them, CVP-1-1 was composed of glucose and galactose, with a total sugar content of (94.87 ± 0.80)% and a relative molecular weight of 9471 Da; CVP-2-1 was composed of glucose, galactose and rhamnose, with a total sugar content of (92.01 ± 1.77)% and a relative molecular weight of 18 159 Da; Both fractions were pyranose ring polysaccharides containing α-glycosidic bonds and β-glycosidic bonds. Their micro-morphologies were related to relative molecular weight and purification process; the purified polysaccharides exhibited a more porous and loose surface, a higher degree of fragmentation, and differed in relative molecular weight, as well as the degree of fragmentation and aggregation. 【Conclusion】 Applying DES to CVP extraction, the extraction rate is significantly increased compared with the traditional extraction method . Moreover, the obtained CVP has a lower relative molecular weight, which may have high antioxidant activity, providing a reference for the development of CVP-based functional foods.
- Chuanminshen violaceum polysaccharide /
- deep eutectic solvent (DES) /
- extraction process /
- structural characterization
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

低共熔溶剂提取川明参多糖工艺优化与结构表征

作者简介: 李雅欣(2000—),女,四川省广元市人,西华大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为食品营养与安全。E-mail:915638998@qq.com;

通讯作者: 张良,zhang-liang@foxmail.com

Process optimization and structural characterization of Chuanminshen violaceum polysaccharides extracted by deep eutectic solvents

Corresponding author: ZHANG Liang, zhang-liang@foxmail.com

计量

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

低共熔溶剂提取川明参多糖工艺优化与结构表征

作者简介:李雅欣(2000—),女,四川省广元市人,西华大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为食品营养与安全。E-mail:915638998@qq.com

通讯作者: 张良, zhang-liang@foxmail.com

English Abstract

Process optimization and structural characterization of Chuanminshen violaceum polysaccharides extracted by deep eutectic solvents

Corresponding author: ZHANG Liang, zhang-liang@foxmail.com

目录

低共熔溶剂提取川明参多糖工艺优化与结构表征

作者简介: 李雅欣(2000—),女,四川省广元市人,西华大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为食品营养与安全。E-mail:915638998@qq.com;

通讯作者: 张良,zhang-liang@foxmail.com

Process optimization and structural characterization of Chuanminshen violaceum polysaccharides extracted by deep eutectic solvents

Corresponding author: ZHANG Liang, zhang-liang@foxmail.com

计量

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

低共熔溶剂提取川明参多糖工艺优化与结构表征

作者简介:李雅欣(2000—),女,四川省广元市人,西华大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为食品营养与安全。E-mail:915638998@qq.com

通讯作者: 张良, zhang-liang@foxmail.com

English Abstract

Process optimization and structural characterization of Chuanminshen violaceum polysaccharides extracted by deep eutectic solvents

Corresponding author: ZHANG Liang, zhang-liang@foxmail.com

目录