丝素蛋白基生物材料的构建及其生物医学应用研究进展

陈咏梅; 李鹏程

doi:10.12187/2026.05.007

October 2026

Article Contents

Chen Yongmei and Li Pengcheng. Research progress in the construction and biomedical applications of silk fibroin-based biomaterials[J]. Journal of Light Industry, 2026, 41(5): 72-84. doi: 10.12187/2026.05.007

Citation: Chen Yongmei and Li Pengcheng. Research progress in the construction and biomedical applications of silk fibroin-based biomaterials[J]. Journal of Light Industry, 2026, 41(5): 72-84. doi: 10.12187/2026.05.007 shu

Research progress in the construction and biomedical applications of silk fibroin-based biomaterials

Chen Yongmei ^, ,
Li Pengcheng

College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China

Corresponding author: Chen Yongmei, chenyongmei0608@126.com
Received Date: 2025-07-16
Accepted Date: 2025-09-20

Abstract

Silk fibroin exhibits excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and processability, and its structure and properties can be tailored through conformational regulation, chemical modification, and composite design. However, silk fibroin materials alone still have certain limitations in matching mechanical properties with application requirements, regulating degradation behavior, and achieving functional integration. This review summarizes recent advances in the purification and modification of silk fibroin, the construction of silk fibroin-based materials ranging from zero-dimensional nanoparticles to four-dimensional dynamic structural materials, and their biomedical applications, focusing particularly on wound dressings, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and biosensing. Regulating β-sheet structures, crosslinking, and functionalized composite strategies can improve the structural stability, mechanical properties, degradation behavior, and biological functions of silk fibroin-based biomaterials. Silk fibroin-based nanoparticles, nanofibers, films, hydrogels, and porous scaffolds have shown promising potential in controlled drug delivery, wound repair, tissue regeneration, and flexible bioelectronics. Nevertheless, challenges remain in the precise matching of material properties with application requirements, scalable fabrication and batch-to-batch consistency, the biocompatibility and multicomponent construction of four-dimensional bioprinting, and multifunctional integration in biosensors. Future research should focus on the development of stimuli-responsive materials and four-dimensional bioprinting technologies, the strengthening of the integration of silk fibroin with functional materials, and the synergistic integration of sensing, drug delivery, and tissue repair functions, thereby advancing silk fibroin-based biomaterials toward personalized tissue engineering, intelligent drug delivery, and integrated diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
- silk fibroin,
- biomaterials,
- drug delivery,
- tissue engineering,
- biosensing
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Research progress in the construction and biomedical applications of silk fibroin-based biomaterials

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