汽车盘式制动器的优化设计
The optimization design of automobile disc brake
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摘要: 对汽车盘式制动器进行有限元建模,得到制动器紧急制动工况和重复制动工况下的温度和应力分布.在不改变制动器整体结构的前提下,以制动盘外径、厚度和摩擦块的内径、厚度为设计变量,以制动器最高温度最低化和应力最小化为优化目标,将响应面法和NSGA-Ⅱ算法相结合对盘式制动器进行优化设计.优化后的制动器最高温度降低了13%,最大应力降低了15%,对优化后的制动器进行台架试验,结果表明,试验数据与仿真值拟合状况良好,证明了该优化设计的可行性.Abstract: Through finite element modeling of the automobile disc brake,the temperature and stress distribution of the brake emergency braking condition and the continuous braking condition were obtained.Under the premise of not changing the whole structure of the brake,diameter and thickness of the brake disc and the inner diameter and thickness of the friction block were defined as the design variables,maximum temperature and stress were defined as optimization objectives,finite element method,response surface method and NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm were used in the optimization of the brake.After optimization,the maximum temperature of the brake was reduced by 13%,the maximum stress was reduced by 15%;Bench test was made to optimized brake.Results showed the experimental value matched well with simulation value and proved the feasibility of the optimized design.
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