冬虫夏草提取液有效成分分析及其在卷烟中的应用研究
Analysis of the effective components of Cordyceps sinensis extract and its application in cigarettes
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摘要: 采用GC-MS对冬虫夏草提取液中的香味成分进行分析,利用热裂解-气相色谱-质谱联用仪(Py-GC-MS)对冬虫夏草特征成分(虫草酸和虫草多糖)裂解产物进行定性、定量分析,将冬虫夏草提取液添加至卷烟中,按照中式卷烟风格评价方法明确其香气风格及对卷烟感官品质的影响。结果表明:1)冬虫夏草提取液主要包括丁二酮、乳酸乙酯、γ-丁内酯、丁酰乳酸丁酯、椰子醛等具有奶甜香韵的香味成分。2)虫草酸和虫草多糖在热裂解过程中能够释放出影响卷烟风味特征的小分子脱水单糖和小分子醛、酮类等香味物质;裂解温度较高时,脱水葡萄糖、甘露醇和D-阿洛糖出现比例均较高。3)冬虫夏草提取液对卷烟香气风格的影响主要表现为可明显提升奶香香韵、甜香香韵,增补烤烟烟香、清香、果香;在口味风格方面为可提升卷烟甜感;在舒适感特征方面可降低口腔刺激/舌部灼烧,减少口腔残留,增加烟气收敛感,降低喉部干燥和鼻腔刺激;在烟气特征方面可提升香气、增加香气丰富性、柔和烟气使烟气更细腻圆润、掩盖杂气。Abstract: The flavor component in the Cordyceps sinensis extract were analyzed by GC-MS, the pyrolysis products of the Cordyceps sinensis characteristic components including cordycepin acid and cordyceps polysaccharide were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry(Py-GC-MS). Aroma style and influence on the sensory quality of cigarette after adding Cordyceps sinensis extract were evaluated according to the sensory evaluation methods for Chinese-stylistic features. The results showed that Cordyceps sinensis extract mainly included butanedione, ethyl lactate, γ-Butyrolactone, butyl butyryl lactate, coconut aldehyde and other aroma components with creamy sweet flavor. Cordycepic acid and cordyceps polysaccharide could release small molecular dehydrated monosaccharides, small molecular aldehydes, ketones and other flavor substances which influenced the flavor characteristics on cigarette during pyrolysis; the proportion of dehydrated glucose, mannitol and d-alose was high accordingly with high pyrolysis temperature. The effect of Cordyceps sinensis extract on cigarette aroma style was mainly manifested that it could significantly improve creamy aroma and sweet aroma and add flue-cured tobacco aroma, freshness and fruity aroma. In terms of taste style, it could enhance the sweetness of cigarette; In terms of comfort characteristics, it could reduce oral irritation/tongue burning and oral residue, and increase smoking convergence, and reduce laryngeal dryness and nasal irritation; In terms of smoking characteristics, it could enhance the aroma, increase aroma richness, soften smoking, make the smoking more delicate and mellow, and cover up offensive taste.
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Key words:
- Cordyceps sinensis extract /
- aroma component /
- cordycepic acid /
- cordyceps polysaccharide /
- pyrolysis
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