烟草花蕾的酶解条件优化及其烟用香料制备研究
Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis conditions of tobacco flower buds and preparation of tobacco flavor
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摘要: 通过正交试验对烟草花蕾在纤维素酶、半纤维素酶、果胶酶和蛋白酶的作用下的酶解条件进行优化,利用美拉德反应和同时蒸馏萃取方法提取其中的香味成分,并用GC-MS对所提取的香味成分分析.结果表明:1)酶解温度为50℃,酶解时间为6 h,酶解pH值为6,加酶量为1%(质量分数)时,氨基酸含量和还原糖含量最高,分别为2.89 mg/g和0.88 mg/g;2)香味物质主要有65种,其中肉豆蔻酸、二氢猕猴桃内酯、氧化石竹烯、烟草烯、植酮、大马士酮、巨豆三烯酮、油酸酰胺、2-正戊基呋喃等香气阈值较低,是烟草中关键的致香物质,对烟草香气贡献突出;3)氨基酸、还原糖含量与香味物质总量的相关性不明显,与香味物质的种类数量呈正相关.Abstract: The enzymatic hydrolysis conditions of tobacco flower buds under the action of cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase and protease were optimized by orthogonal test. The flavor components were extracted by Maillard reaction and simultaneous distillation extraction. The extracted aroma components were analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed that 1) the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature was 50℃, the enzymatic hydrolysis time was 6 h, the enzymatic hydrolysis pH was 6, and the enzyme content was 1% (mass fraction), the amino acid content and reducing sugar content were the highest, respectively 2.89 mg/g and 0.88 mg/g. 2) There were mainly 65 kinds of aroma substances, including myristic acid, dihydro kiwi lactone, oxidized carbenene, tobacco alkene, phytonone, damasthone, giant bean ketone, oleic acid amide, 2-n-pentyl group.The low aroma threshold such as furan in these substances was a key aroma substance in tobacco and contributed to tobacco aroma. 3) The correlation between amino acid and reducing sugar content and the total amount of aroma substances was not obvious, and it was positively correlated with the number of aroma substances.
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Key words:
- enzymatic hydrolysis condition /
- Maillard reaction /
- tobacco flower bud /
- tobacco flavor
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