文化折扣还是文化增值?——文化多元倾向的多维效应分析
Cultural discount or cultural appreciation?—Analysis of the multidimensional effects of culture pluralism tendencies
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摘要: 文化产品在跨文化市场贸易中存在着文化折扣和文化增值现象,这种现象直接影响文化产品的国际市场开拓。基于态度的认知情感相符理论和感知价值理论,构建消费者文化多元倾向对外国文化产品价值认知和消费意愿的影响机理模型,并运用结构方程模型进行实证检验,结果表明:其一,文化多元倾向的两个维度——接触多样性和相对性——识别,对外国文化产品的价值感知均存在显著的正向影响,即存在文化增值现象;而差异反感度这一维度对感知价值存在显著的负向影响,即存在文化折扣现象。其二,消费者对外国文化产品或服务的价值认知会影响其消费意愿,无论是消费者对外国文化产品的享乐价值还是教育价值认知的提升都会促使其消费意愿的提高。该研究结论对于我国文化企业进行国际营销开拓跨文化市场具有以下启示:其一,文化企业在准备进入一国市场之前,应先对该国的消费者文化多元倾向进行测量,并以此进行市场细分,通过科学细致的调研测量目标市场的大小,最终做出是否进入该国市场的决策。其二,我国文化企业应采取免费体验、巧妙传播和品牌打造等方式逐步进入目标国市场,提升国外消费者对我国文化产品的价值认知,从而刺激目标国消费者的购买意愿。
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