空洞自我及其与世界经验的不对等性——论胡塞尔“笛卡尔式道路”的四重缺陷
The empty ego and its incongruity with world experiences—A treatise on the fourfold flaws of Cartesianism in Husserl’s phenomenology
-
摘要: 胡塞尔在《观念Ⅰ》中对现象学还原的笛卡尔式表达经常引起人们的误解:由现象学反思所开启的主体内在领域仿佛是与外部实存领域同等现成而并列存在的。本文由世界概念的总体性与视域性之张力切入,概述笛卡尔式还原的困境,进而澄清“内在/外在”概念,以阐明此困境产生的根源论题——具身主体。笛卡尔式道路始终处于“自然态度”中,无法一贯、清楚地描述这一论题。笛卡尔式还原旨在突出先验自我的第一人称视角,但却使得空洞自我与世界经验发生了抵牾。在问题聚焦与学说史的双重辨析中,本文将其缺陷评判为四重,进而概览了现象学还原的其他道路并综述了国际学界的代表性观点。
-
-
[1]
威尔顿.另类胡塞尔:先验现象学的视野[M].靳希平,译.上海:复旦大学出版社,2012:162.
-
[2]
HUSSERL E.Hua3:Ideen Zu Einer Reinen Phäno-menologie und Phänomenologischen Philosophie.Erstes Buch[M].The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff, 1971.
-
[3]
胡塞尔.第一哲学[M].王炳文,译.北京:商务印书馆,2010.
-
[4]
HUSSERL E.Hua1:Cartesianische Meditationen und Pariser Vorträge[M].The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff, 1973.
-
[5]
HUSSERL E.Hua6:Die Krisis der Europäischen Wissenschaften Und Die Transzendentale Phäno-menologie[M].The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff, 1976.
-
[6]
HUSSERL E.Hua36:Transzendentaler Idealismus[M].Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003:179.
-
[7]
HUSSERL E.Hua4:Ideen Zu Einer Reinen Phäno-menologie und Phänomenologischen Philosophie.Zweites Buch[M].The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff, 1952.
-
[8]
HUSSERL E.Hua14:Zur Phänomenologie der Intersubjektivität, Zweiter Teil[M].The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff,1973:429.
-
[9]
CAIRNS D.Conversations with Husserl and Fink[M].The Hague:Nijhoff, 1976:27.
-
[10]
HUSSERL E.Hua34:Zur Phänomenologischen Redu-ktion[M].Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publishers,2002.
-
[11]
CARR D.The Paradox of Subjectivity:The Self in the Transcendental Tradition[M].New York:Oxford University Press, 1999:45.
-
[12]
HUSSERL E.Hua17:Formale und Transzendentale Logik[M].The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff, 1974.
-
[13]
HUSSERL E.Hua9:Phänomenologische Psychologie[M].The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff, 1968:21.
-
[14]
王继.身体与世界的共构:胡塞尔《观念2》中的身体问题[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2020:179-192.
-
[15]
HUSSERL E.Hua13:Zur Phänomenologie der Inter-subjektivität, Erster Teil[M].The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff,1973:189.
-
[16]
LUFT S.Husserl’s Theory of the Phenomenological Reduction:Between life-world and Cartesianism[J].Research in Phenomenology,2004,34:198-234.
-
[17]
LANDGREBE L.The Problem Posed by the Transcendental Science of the A Priori of the Life-world, in European Contributions to Husserlian Phenomenology[M].The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff, 1981:152.
-
[18]
ZAHAVI D.Phenomenology and Metaphysics, in Metaphysics, Facticity, Interpretation[M].Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003:139.
-
[19]
MORAN D.Introduction to Phenomenology[M].New York:Routledge, 2000:80.
-
[20]
梅洛庞蒂.哲学赞词[M].杨大春,译.北京:商务印书馆,2000:148,164-166.
-
[21]
SCHUTZ A.The Problem of Transcendental Intersubjectivity in Husserl, in Collected Papers Ⅲ:Studies in Phenomenological Philosophy[M].The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff, 1970:51-84.
-
[1]
-
点击查看大图
计量
- PDF下载量: 0
- 文章访问数: 14
- 引证文献数: 0
下载: