龙须菜渣纤维素/纳米纤维素及其水凝胶的制备和性能研究
Preparation and property study of cellulose/nanocellulose and its hydrogel from Gracilaria lemaneiformis residue
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摘要: 以龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)渣为主要原料制备龙须菜纤维素(GLC)和纳米纤维素(NGLC),并将其溶解于离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐中制备龙须菜纤维素水凝胶(GLC-H)和纳米纤维素水凝胶(NGLC-H),通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、差示量热扫描仪等对其结构、形貌、热稳定性和流变性能进行表征分析,并考查GLC-H和NGLC-H的溶胀性能、释药性能和抑菌性能。结果表明:GLC、NGLC、GLC-H和NGLC-H的制备是一个非衍生化过程;GLC和NGLC在离子液体体系中成功交联形成孔道结构,且NGLC-H较GLC-H的三维网状结构更明显;GLC、NGLC形成水凝胶后,晶型从Ⅰ型转变为Ⅱ型,热稳定性有所降低;NGLC-H的吸水性能明显高于GLC-H,溶胀平衡时,二者的溶胀率分别为560.3%和175.3%;当药物释放时间为30 min时,载药GLC-H和载药NGLC-H的药物释放量均达到最大值,分别为87.22%和73.33%,且在整个载药过程中,后者的药物释放量均低于前者;载药GLC-H和载药NGLC-H均具有一定的抑菌作用,且两者效果相当。Abstract: Gracilaria lemaneiformis residue was used as a raw material to prepare Gracilaria lemaneiformis cellulose (GLC) and nanocellulose (NGLC), which were then used to develop cellulose (GLC-H) and nanocellulose hydrogels (NGLC-H) by dissolving them in ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry were employed to characterize and analyze the structure, morphology, thermal stability, and rheological properties. Additionally, the swelling properties, drug release performance, and antibacterial properties of GLC-H and NGLC-H were investigated. The results indicated that the preparation of GLC, NGLC, GLC-H, and NGLC-H was a non-derivatization process. GLC and NGLC successfully crosslinked to form a porous structure in the ionic liquid system, with the three-dimensional network structure of NGLC-H being more pronounced than that of GLC-H. After forming hydrogels, the crystalline form of GLC and NGLC changed from type Ⅰ to type Ⅱ, and their thermal stability decreased. The water absorption performance of NGLC-H was significantly higher than that of GLC-H, with swelling rates of 560.3% and 175.3% respectively at equilibrium. When the drug release time was 30 minutes, the maximum drug release amounts from drug-loaded GLC-H and drug-loaded NGLC-H were 87.22% and 73.33% respectively. Throughout the drug-loading process, the drug release amount from NGLC-H was consistently lower than that from GLC-H. Both drug-loaded GLC-H and drug-loaded NGLC-H exhibited certain antibacterial effects, with comparable efficacy.
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