应用离散元法表征烟丝尺寸对其柔软性的力学影响
Mechanical effects of cut tobacco sizes on softness characterized by discrete element method
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摘要: 为明确烟丝不同尺寸及比例对其柔软性的影响,探究引起烟丝柔软性差异的原因,借助离散元法构建的质构仪仿真模型测量烟丝柔软性,分析各尺寸烟丝在测量过程中的受力差异及对力链演变的影响,并通过调整烟丝尺寸配比,分析烟丝柔软性的变化规律。结果表明:大于3.35 mm和小于1.00 mm的烟丝占比越高,烟丝柔软性越差;1.00~2.50 mm和2.50~3.35 mm的烟丝占比越高,烟丝柔软性越佳;2.50~3.35 mm的烟丝对测量过程中的烟丝受力表现影响最大。烟丝平均受力随烟丝尺寸的下降而下降,且变得更加均匀。柔软性好的烟丝样品,烟丝间中等及高强度力链数量更少,中等强度力链分布更均匀。各尺寸烟丝与烟丝整体之间的中低强度接触比例随着烟丝尺寸降低而增加。合理提高中丝率和短丝率有利于改善烟丝柔软性,较高的长丝率和碎丝率会使烟丝柔软性变差。适当提高1.00~3.35 mm烟丝占比、降低3.35 mm以上及1.00 mm以下烟丝占比,有利于整体改善烟丝在外部载荷作用下的力学性能,提高其柔软性。Abstract: To investigate the effects of cut tobacco size distribution on softness and elucidate the underlying mechanisms causing variations in softness, a texture analyzer simulation model was developed using the discrete element method (DEM). This model was employed to measure cut tobacco softness, analyze the force response differences among various size fractions during testing, and explore their impacts on force chain evolution. By adjusting the size ratios, the variation patterns of softness were systematically examined. The results indicated that a higher proportion of tobacco particles exceeding 3.35 mm or below 1.00 mm was associated with reduced softness, while an increased proportion of tobacco within the size ranges of 1.00~2.50 mm and 2.50~3.35 mm correlated with improved softness. Tobacco particles in the 2.50~3.35 mm size range exerted the greatest influence on the force response during measurement. The average force experienced by tobacco particles decreased with decreasing particle size and became more uniformly distributed. Softer tobacco samples exhibited fewer medium-and high-strength force chains, which were also more uniformly distributed. The proportion of low-to-medium strength contacts between different size fractions increased with decreasing particle size. Rational increases in medium-sized (1.00~2.50 mm) and short (2.50~3.35 mm) tobacco fractions improved softness, while excessive proportions of long (>3.35 mm) and fine (<1.00 mm) particles degraded softness. Optimizing the size distribution by increasing the proportion of 1.00~3.35 mm particles and reducing fractions outside this range enhanced both the mechanical performance and softness under external loading.
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