2017 Vol. 32, No. 3
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2017, 32(3)
:1-7.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1553.2017.3.001
Abstract:
The study aimed to explore the effects of amino acid variety and addition amount on the formation of the main flavor compound higher alcohols in hawthorn wine by using Huixian hawthorn as raw material and adding five amino acids into fermentation broth of hawthorn. The results showed that the other four amino acids exerted obvious influences on the generation of higher alcohols in hawthorn wine except glutamate. In that, glycine, as the precursor for the synthesis of phenethyl, led to the increase of phenethyl content in hawthorn wine. Whereas,the addition of valine, phenylalanine and leucine promoted the increase of isobutanol, phenethyl and isopentanol alcohol in hawthorn wine, respectively.
The study aimed to explore the effects of amino acid variety and addition amount on the formation of the main flavor compound higher alcohols in hawthorn wine by using Huixian hawthorn as raw material and adding five amino acids into fermentation broth of hawthorn. The results showed that the other four amino acids exerted obvious influences on the generation of higher alcohols in hawthorn wine except glutamate. In that, glycine, as the precursor for the synthesis of phenethyl, led to the increase of phenethyl content in hawthorn wine. Whereas,the addition of valine, phenylalanine and leucine promoted the increase of isobutanol, phenethyl and isopentanol alcohol in hawthorn wine, respectively.
2017, 32(3)
:8-13.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1553.2017.3.002
Abstract:
Aimed to evaluate the contents of 10 heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAs) in two batches of halogen soups of stewed chicken legs randomly selected from three individual market stalls by using ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The results showed that the total contents of detected 8 HAs in halogen soups of stewed chicken legs from three individual market stalls reached 35.626 ng/g. In that, both Harman and Norharman accounted for 41%~77% of the total HAs. Thus, it was imperative to recommend the producers to strictly control the stewing process and reduce the recycle numbers of halogen soups.
Aimed to evaluate the contents of 10 heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAs) in two batches of halogen soups of stewed chicken legs randomly selected from three individual market stalls by using ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The results showed that the total contents of detected 8 HAs in halogen soups of stewed chicken legs from three individual market stalls reached 35.626 ng/g. In that, both Harman and Norharman accounted for 41%~77% of the total HAs. Thus, it was imperative to recommend the producers to strictly control the stewing process and reduce the recycle numbers of halogen soups.
2017, 32(3)
:14-20.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1553.2017.3.003
Abstract:
The study aimed to establish the detection method of clenbuterol in lamb by using Oasis MCX SPE column combined internal standard method. The separation was performed by using acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid solution as mobile phase and 5% ammoniated methanol as eluent. The detection was conducted by using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS in positive ion and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) modes. The results showed that this method possessed satisfactory detecting rate for clenbuterol ranging from 0.050 ng/mL to 5.000 ng/mL. The coefficient was 0.997 8, the recovery rate was 98%~102%, and the relative standard deviation was 2.09%. With high sensitivity and accuracy, this method could be used for detecting the clenbuterol in lamb, and it also had certain guiding significance for quantitative analysis of clenbuterol in other meat products.
The study aimed to establish the detection method of clenbuterol in lamb by using Oasis MCX SPE column combined internal standard method. The separation was performed by using acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid solution as mobile phase and 5% ammoniated methanol as eluent. The detection was conducted by using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS in positive ion and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) modes. The results showed that this method possessed satisfactory detecting rate for clenbuterol ranging from 0.050 ng/mL to 5.000 ng/mL. The coefficient was 0.997 8, the recovery rate was 98%~102%, and the relative standard deviation was 2.09%. With high sensitivity and accuracy, this method could be used for detecting the clenbuterol in lamb, and it also had certain guiding significance for quantitative analysis of clenbuterol in other meat products.
2017, 32(3)
:21-26,77.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1553.2017.3.004
Abstract:
The overall concept,yin and yang theory, the five elements theory, qi and blood theory, physical theory, and traditional Chinese medicine compatibility group, processing technology in traditional Chinese medicine theory had obvious effect on its application for skin care, and had also been more and more applications in the development of cosmetics. At present,in many brands of Chinese herbal medicine cosmetics only the formula of Chinese herbal medicine ingredients are only added, or certain concepts of traditional Chinese medicine theory are introduced,which lack the deep understanding of the essence of Chinese medicine thought. The research and development of Chinese herbal medicine cosmetics can not be the simply addition of a few herbs extract,or mechanically copy of the ancient prescription.It needs the correct understanding and mastering the traditional Chinese medicine theory and some innovation in the excavation, inheritance and promotion of Chinese herbal medicine so as to create brand characteristics and form core competitiveness.
The overall concept,yin and yang theory, the five elements theory, qi and blood theory, physical theory, and traditional Chinese medicine compatibility group, processing technology in traditional Chinese medicine theory had obvious effect on its application for skin care, and had also been more and more applications in the development of cosmetics. At present,in many brands of Chinese herbal medicine cosmetics only the formula of Chinese herbal medicine ingredients are only added, or certain concepts of traditional Chinese medicine theory are introduced,which lack the deep understanding of the essence of Chinese medicine thought. The research and development of Chinese herbal medicine cosmetics can not be the simply addition of a few herbs extract,or mechanically copy of the ancient prescription.It needs the correct understanding and mastering the traditional Chinese medicine theory and some innovation in the excavation, inheritance and promotion of Chinese herbal medicine so as to create brand characteristics and form core competitiveness.
2017, 32(3)
:27-32.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1553.2017.3.005
Abstract:
Based on the etiology and pathogenesis of sunburn,a few of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions with sunburnt repairment effect were filtrated. The prescriptions of detoxification, cure burns and cure sunburn treatment were summarized.It was pointed out that traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions with sunburnt repairment effect for the treatment of solar dermatitis had a certain role, which could be applied to the development of sunburnt repairment.For the treatment of severe sunburn,cool analgesic prescriptions must be supplemented to enhance comfort and psychological pleasure of the patients.
Based on the etiology and pathogenesis of sunburn,a few of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions with sunburnt repairment effect were filtrated. The prescriptions of detoxification, cure burns and cure sunburn treatment were summarized.It was pointed out that traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions with sunburnt repairment effect for the treatment of solar dermatitis had a certain role, which could be applied to the development of sunburnt repairment.For the treatment of severe sunburn,cool analgesic prescriptions must be supplemented to enhance comfort and psychological pleasure of the patients.
2017, 32(3)
:33-36,57.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1553.2017.3.006
Abstract:
Acne has different features according to different pathogenesis. Acne treatment and choice of medicine should base on etiology analysis and syndrome differentiation treatment according to different individual constitutions.The development of acne cosmetics should be guided by traditional medicine theory.The acne products should be designed according to the features of the different types: lung-heat type, accumulated dampness/heat type,phlegmstatic coagulation type, and disharmony of Chong and Conception Channels type. Composing prescriptions should follow the principle of"Principal,Assistant,Complement and Medating guide" and give full play of the advantages of the significant curative effect and less side effect of traditional Chinese medicine.
Acne has different features according to different pathogenesis. Acne treatment and choice of medicine should base on etiology analysis and syndrome differentiation treatment according to different individual constitutions.The development of acne cosmetics should be guided by traditional medicine theory.The acne products should be designed according to the features of the different types: lung-heat type, accumulated dampness/heat type,phlegmstatic coagulation type, and disharmony of Chong and Conception Channels type. Composing prescriptions should follow the principle of"Principal,Assistant,Complement and Medating guide" and give full play of the advantages of the significant curative effect and less side effect of traditional Chinese medicine.
2017, 32(3)
:37-42.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1553.2017.3.007
Abstract:
Beginning with mechanisms of senile pruritus, the present situation of modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of senile pruritus were analyzed. It was found that cure rate of western medicine treatment to senile pruritus was not high and the risk of adverse reactions and the recurrence rate were higher. However, the effect of traditional Chinese medicine was remarkable with small side effects and low recurrence rate. In view that the elderly are usually more resistant to medical treatment, compared to drug treatment, the elderly have higher acceptance of skin care products because of its convenience. Therefore, guiding by the traditional Chinese medicine theory, fully absorbing the achievements of modern science and technology, applying syndrome differentiation and treatment to the development of antipruritic cosmetics development will be the further research direction.
Beginning with mechanisms of senile pruritus, the present situation of modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of senile pruritus were analyzed. It was found that cure rate of western medicine treatment to senile pruritus was not high and the risk of adverse reactions and the recurrence rate were higher. However, the effect of traditional Chinese medicine was remarkable with small side effects and low recurrence rate. In view that the elderly are usually more resistant to medical treatment, compared to drug treatment, the elderly have higher acceptance of skin care products because of its convenience. Therefore, guiding by the traditional Chinese medicine theory, fully absorbing the achievements of modern science and technology, applying syndrome differentiation and treatment to the development of antipruritic cosmetics development will be the further research direction.
2017, 32(3)
:43-50.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1553.2017.3.008
Abstract:
As an important part of tobacco leaf,tobacco stem has high filling value,well combustibility.Its physical and chemical property,sensory quality were improved after expanded by microwave.The paper made an overview of process of tobacco stem microwave expansion equipment influential factors,and application of processing technology in cigarette for microwave expanded stem,pointing out that the future research should be mainly from the following prospects: 1)optimizing the key processing parameters of microwave expanded stem and building models between parameters and quality index of cut stem; 2)using biochemical and flavoring technology to improve the sensory quality of cut stem; 3)developing the study of biomass material for microwave expanded stem; 4)combining with cigarette auxiliary materials,comprehensively analysing the effect of cut stem on reducing tar and harm of cigarette; 5)research and development and industrial applications to match the tobacco stem microwave expansion equipment.
As an important part of tobacco leaf,tobacco stem has high filling value,well combustibility.Its physical and chemical property,sensory quality were improved after expanded by microwave.The paper made an overview of process of tobacco stem microwave expansion equipment influential factors,and application of processing technology in cigarette for microwave expanded stem,pointing out that the future research should be mainly from the following prospects: 1)optimizing the key processing parameters of microwave expanded stem and building models between parameters and quality index of cut stem; 2)using biochemical and flavoring technology to improve the sensory quality of cut stem; 3)developing the study of biomass material for microwave expanded stem; 4)combining with cigarette auxiliary materials,comprehensively analysing the effect of cut stem on reducing tar and harm of cigarette; 5)research and development and industrial applications to match the tobacco stem microwave expansion equipment.
2017, 32(3)
:51-57.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1553.2017.3.009
Abstract:
With 12 varieties of flue-cured tobacco as a template,the conditions for primer concentration and annealing temperature for 6 pairs of SCAR primers were optimized. Multiplex PCR fingerprints and identification routes of 12 flue-cured tobacco varieties were established by multiplex PCR. The results showed that multiplex PCR had the advantages of high efficiency, high speed, time saving and low cost compared with ordinary PCR. Six pairs of SCAR primers had good stability and specific band specificity, which could distinguish 12 flue-cured tobacco varieties accurately.
With 12 varieties of flue-cured tobacco as a template,the conditions for primer concentration and annealing temperature for 6 pairs of SCAR primers were optimized. Multiplex PCR fingerprints and identification routes of 12 flue-cured tobacco varieties were established by multiplex PCR. The results showed that multiplex PCR had the advantages of high efficiency, high speed, time saving and low cost compared with ordinary PCR. Six pairs of SCAR primers had good stability and specific band specificity, which could distinguish 12 flue-cured tobacco varieties accurately.
2017, 32(3)
:58-62.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1553.2017.3.010
Abstract:
In order to solve the problem of lack of loosing and conditioning and tobacco block,an optimized scheme of inlet air device of resurgence machine was suggested.1)resurgence inlet air system was improved,location of inlet air was under tablet entrance vibration slot instead of above,and equipment of drainage was added at bottom of hot-air pipe; 2)hot air director was designed and added,direction of hot air was changed from horizontal to downward and offside.The velidation test results indicated that loose rate of tablet enhanced 0.28%,loose rate of reconstituted tobacco enhanced 7.12%,weight of tobacco block reduced 89.8%,steam consumption reduced 14.95%.
In order to solve the problem of lack of loosing and conditioning and tobacco block,an optimized scheme of inlet air device of resurgence machine was suggested.1)resurgence inlet air system was improved,location of inlet air was under tablet entrance vibration slot instead of above,and equipment of drainage was added at bottom of hot-air pipe; 2)hot air director was designed and added,direction of hot air was changed from horizontal to downward and offside.The velidation test results indicated that loose rate of tablet enhanced 0.28%,loose rate of reconstituted tobacco enhanced 7.12%,weight of tobacco block reduced 89.8%,steam consumption reduced 14.95%.
2017, 32(3)
:63-72.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1553.2017.3.011
Abstract:
Networks are facing more and more virus, vulnerability and hacker attacks at present. As one of the core of the network security defense technology, intrusion detection technology can effectively detect attacks. The related research and technology of network intrusion detection technology at different stages of development, and the new technology and its products based on neural network, data fusion and computer immunology were summarized. Based on the performance evaluation index of intrusion detection products, it was pointed out that the discipline integration, efficient intelligent intrusion detection, intrusion detection immune prevention, wireless network intrusion detection, advanced defense technology defense were the development trend and the research direction of network intrusion detection in the future.
Networks are facing more and more virus, vulnerability and hacker attacks at present. As one of the core of the network security defense technology, intrusion detection technology can effectively detect attacks. The related research and technology of network intrusion detection technology at different stages of development, and the new technology and its products based on neural network, data fusion and computer immunology were summarized. Based on the performance evaluation index of intrusion detection products, it was pointed out that the discipline integration, efficient intelligent intrusion detection, intrusion detection immune prevention, wireless network intrusion detection, advanced defense technology defense were the development trend and the research direction of network intrusion detection in the future.
2017, 32(3)
:73-77.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1553.2017.3.012
Abstract:
In the extraction process of LBP features,most consumption of time and memory were paid for clustering.In order to address these problems,an improved local binary algorithm for image categorization was proposed.The algorithm replaced decimal system encoding LBP with binary descriptor.Meanwhile,Hamming distance was emploied rather than Euclidean metric for features clustering.The multi-scale LBP features was flued for a new local binary descriptor.The result of the experiment on the PASCAL VOC 2007 dataset showed that the adopted local binary descriptor was better than the classical LBP,specifically for time consumption.
In the extraction process of LBP features,most consumption of time and memory were paid for clustering.In order to address these problems,an improved local binary algorithm for image categorization was proposed.The algorithm replaced decimal system encoding LBP with binary descriptor.Meanwhile,Hamming distance was emploied rather than Euclidean metric for features clustering.The multi-scale LBP features was flued for a new local binary descriptor.The result of the experiment on the PASCAL VOC 2007 dataset showed that the adopted local binary descriptor was better than the classical LBP,specifically for time consumption.
2017, 32(3)
:78-84.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1553.2017.3.013
Abstract:
Points cloud of street trees were obtained by vehicle LiDAR.The existing hierarchical projection algorithm was combined with heuristic knowledge of object characteristics to achieve the points cloud extraction of each tree.Fitting circle by least squares,the diameter at breast height(DBH) and row spacing of street trees were measured by Matlab programming.The experimental results showed that the root mean square(RMS) error of DBH and row spacing of LiDAR-based measurement and manual measurement were 0.008 7 m and 0.010 3 m,the correlation coefficients were 0.968 2 and 0.999 6.The proposed method had high precision and wide measuring range and provided quality data for the detection of distribution and growth state of street trees.
Points cloud of street trees were obtained by vehicle LiDAR.The existing hierarchical projection algorithm was combined with heuristic knowledge of object characteristics to achieve the points cloud extraction of each tree.Fitting circle by least squares,the diameter at breast height(DBH) and row spacing of street trees were measured by Matlab programming.The experimental results showed that the root mean square(RMS) error of DBH and row spacing of LiDAR-based measurement and manual measurement were 0.008 7 m and 0.010 3 m,the correlation coefficients were 0.968 2 and 0.999 6.The proposed method had high precision and wide measuring range and provided quality data for the detection of distribution and growth state of street trees.
2017, 32(3)
:85-95.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1553.2017.3.014
Abstract:
To master the vibration characteristics of the longitudinal-type roadheader,the in-situ vibration test over the EBJ-120TP under classic working conditions,i.e.,free loading,drilling,right-and-left cutting and downward cutting was carried out.The results were as follows:the cutting condition exhibited a random vibration characteristic compared with free loading, and was accompanied by an instantaneous impact;the roadheader vibration displayed non-stable and nonlinear feature,and had an extensive frequency scale ranging from 10 Hz to 1000 Hz; drilling was the most serious working condition,in which the cutting gear box had greatest vibration with level D(not permissible),while electronic control with level C(just tolerable); the operator would feel worst in downward cutting and drilling.Through the using of viscoelastic damping material vibration reduction measures, the vibration value of the prototype machine decreased by 30%.
To master the vibration characteristics of the longitudinal-type roadheader,the in-situ vibration test over the EBJ-120TP under classic working conditions,i.e.,free loading,drilling,right-and-left cutting and downward cutting was carried out.The results were as follows:the cutting condition exhibited a random vibration characteristic compared with free loading, and was accompanied by an instantaneous impact;the roadheader vibration displayed non-stable and nonlinear feature,and had an extensive frequency scale ranging from 10 Hz to 1000 Hz; drilling was the most serious working condition,in which the cutting gear box had greatest vibration with level D(not permissible),while electronic control with level C(just tolerable); the operator would feel worst in downward cutting and drilling.Through the using of viscoelastic damping material vibration reduction measures, the vibration value of the prototype machine decreased by 30%.
2017, 32(3)
:96-101.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1553.2017.3.015
Abstract:
In order to solve the problem that type line conventional valve spool design can't effectively reduce pressure drop.Optimization of the profile of the orthogonal polynomials for fitting the least squares method was used to obtain a new curve equation,and then a new curve equation into AutoCAD design type lines was estracted.Numerical simulation results showed that the flow resistance coefficient of the newly designed molded lines decreased by 35% than the original,and import and export reduced pressure dropped,to achieve energy saving purposes.
In order to solve the problem that type line conventional valve spool design can't effectively reduce pressure drop.Optimization of the profile of the orthogonal polynomials for fitting the least squares method was used to obtain a new curve equation,and then a new curve equation into AutoCAD design type lines was estracted.Numerical simulation results showed that the flow resistance coefficient of the newly designed molded lines decreased by 35% than the original,and import and export reduced pressure dropped,to achieve energy saving purposes.
2017, 32(3)
:102-108.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1553.2017.3.016
Abstract:
Through finite element modeling of the automobile disc brake,the temperature and stress distribution of the brake emergency braking condition and the continuous braking condition were obtained.Under the premise of not changing the whole structure of the brake,diameter and thickness of the brake disc and the inner diameter and thickness of the friction block were defined as the design variables,maximum temperature and stress were defined as optimization objectives,finite element method,response surface method and NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm were used in the optimization of the brake.After optimization,the maximum temperature of the brake was reduced by 13%,the maximum stress was reduced by 15%;Bench test was made to optimized brake.Results showed the experimental value matched well with simulation value and proved the feasibility of the optimized design.
Through finite element modeling of the automobile disc brake,the temperature and stress distribution of the brake emergency braking condition and the continuous braking condition were obtained.Under the premise of not changing the whole structure of the brake,diameter and thickness of the brake disc and the inner diameter and thickness of the friction block were defined as the design variables,maximum temperature and stress were defined as optimization objectives,finite element method,response surface method and NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm were used in the optimization of the brake.After optimization,the maximum temperature of the brake was reduced by 13%,the maximum stress was reduced by 15%;Bench test was made to optimized brake.Results showed the experimental value matched well with simulation value and proved the feasibility of the optimized design.
Journal Information
Founded in 1986， bimonthly
Administered by：The Education Department Henan Province
Sponsored by：Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
Editor-in-chief：Wei Shizhong
Executive Editor-in-Chief：Zou Lin
Deputy Editor-in-Chief：Qu Shuanghong
Edited & published by：Editorial Department of Journal of Light Industry
CN 41-1437/TS
ISSN 2096-1553
Address：136 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
Postal Code：450001
Tel：(086)0371-86608635
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